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Furthermore we found up regulated protein and mRNA levels of
2024-07-09

Furthermore, we found up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of adenosine kinase in mouse retina with TON. The up-regulation of ADK was previously demonstrated in diabetic retinopathy (Pang et al., 2010). Greater levels of ADK in activated macrophages and microglial cells abrogate the immune response.
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At the last follow up nine patients had discontinued
2024-07-09

At the last follow-up, nine patients had discontinued pyridostigmine within the first year postoperatively. Only one patient required pyridostigmine at a higher dose, but this was accompanied by successful weaning of prednisolone. None of the 5 patients who were on pyridostigmine treatment alone pri
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In earlier experiments on snails a
2024-07-09

In earlier experiments on snails, a behavioral model was employed of certain food rejection to study the mechanisms of the reconsolidation of long-term associative memory. It was found that conditioned food stimuli (reminder) presentation, combined with injections of NMDA glutamate receptor antagoni
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Among the AXL positive tumors that we
2024-07-09

Among the AXL-positive tumors that we screened, the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 showed the highest AXL expression level. Additionally, AXL protein levels were higher in TNBC patient samples than in other breast cancers. Considering the difficulty of, and the urgent need for, effective treatments of TN
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br Introduction The process of mitosis is highly complex and
2024-07-09

Introduction The process of mitosis is highly complex and tightly regulated. This phase of the ID-8 resulted in two identical daughter cells. The aurora kinases (aurora A, B, and C) are a family of three highly homologous serine-threonine protein kinases that play a key role in regulating the mi
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In considering the roles of
2024-07-08

In considering the roles of these enzymes in normal physiology, given the importance of GLUT4-dependent glucose uptake and glucose-dependent fatty CPI-203 synthesis for systemic metabolic homeostasis (Herman and Kahn, 2006, Herman et al., 2012), deletion of Acly in adipocytes results in a surprisin
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br Experimental section br Competing interests br Author
2024-07-08

Experimental section Competing interests Author's contributions Acknowledgement This research is partially supported by a seed fund for the Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research (LS) and a research grant by Fujifilm (VPS and LS). The Sponsors played no roles in study desig
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br ACL Regulation and Role in Lipid Metabolism ACL is
2024-07-08

ACL Regulation and Role in Lipid Metabolism ACL is a ubiquitous enzyme at the nexus of nutrient catabolism and synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. In mammals, it is highly expressed in lipogenic tissues including adipose, liver, and lactating mammary glands [9]. In the presence of ATP and C
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From an historical perspective ligands
2024-07-08

From an historical perspective, ligands for GPCRs (adrenaline, serotonin, Pentostatin sale or morphine, to name a few) have been identified before their receptor counterparts, at a time when the concept of receptor itself was controversial [15]. Although many cognate receptors for endogenous ligand
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Therefore the rational design of target compounds is based o
2024-07-08

Therefore, the rational design of target compounds is based on the hybrid of attractive phenotypic bis-indole (5, Fig. 1) and sulfonamide moieties, in which the indole core might anticipate in hydrophobic interaction, and the functionality of sulfonamide group may involve in H-bonding with the site
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Secondly leptin has been shown to enhance aromatase mRNA exp
2024-07-08

Secondly, leptin has been shown to enhance aromatase mRNA expression, aromatase content and its enzymatic activity in epithelial breast cancer MI-773 by inducing promoters II and I.3 via an enhanced binding of transcription activator protein 1 (AP-1) complex to specific DNA sites in the promoter re
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The Limitations of our data
2024-07-08

The Limitations of our data include the absence of functional/behavioral assessments and lack of direct comparison with females which would require additional studies and conceivably support sex-specific interventions for stroke [50]. Competing interests Acknowledgements This study was suppor
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br Introduction The structural similarities between
2024-07-08

Introduction The structural similarities between puromycin (1, Fig. 1) and the aminoacyl adenyl terminal of aminoacyl–tRNA allow it to terminate the protein synthesis process by causing premature release of a polypeptide from the ribosome [1], [2]. Tremendous progress in the study of puromycin an
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br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgement br Intr
2024-07-08

Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgement Introduction Lipoxygenases (LOs) are enzymes catalyzing the positional as well as stereo-specific introduction of molecular oxygen into 1,4-pentadiene structures found in unsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic biperiden or linoleic acid [
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Notably we have characterized the mechanism of action
2024-07-08

Notably, we have characterized the mechanism of action of ALK in the context of our current understanding of NLRP3 activation [5]. Non-priming macrophages, including BMDMs, exhibit no or minimal activation of NLRP3 in response to ATP. In contrast, LPS priming of macrophages makes them highly suscept
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